home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- SGML-UG SIGhyper Document # 1991-1
- Rev. 1991/04/01.
- Source: Charles F. Goldfarb, IBM Almaden Research Laboratory.
- Note: Dr. Goldfarb serves as Project Editor for ISO/IEC 10744:
- "HyTime" Hypermedia Time-based Structuring Language.
-
-
- Information About HyTime
-
- The Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language (HyTime) is an
- International Standard currently being balloted as a Committee Draft
- (ISO/IEC CD 10744). The ballot closes July 31. A Draft International
- Standard will then be published and balloted, with publication of the
- approved standard expected next year.
-
- The following material is excerpted from the standard.
-
- DEFINITION
-
- A standardized hyperdocument structuring language for representing
- hypertext linking, time scheduling, and synchronization. HyTime
- provides basic identification and addressing mechanisms and is
- independent of object data content notations, link types, processing
- and presentation functions, and semantics. Links can be established
- to documents that conform to HyTime and to those that do not,
- regardless of whether those documents can be modified. The full
- HyTime function supports "integrated open hypermedia" (IOH) -- the
- "bibliographic model" of referencing that allows links to anything,
- anywhere, at any time -- but systems need support only the subset that
- is within their present capabilities.
-
-
- SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION
-
- 1. Scope
-
- This International Standard defines a model and language for the
- representation of "hyperdocuments" that link and synchronize static
- and time-based information contained in multiple conventional and
- multimedia documents and information objects. The language is known
- as the "Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language", or "HyTime".
-
- HyTime can represent time in both the abstract, or "musical" sense,
- and in user-defined real-time units, and it provides for relating the
- two so that all elements of time-dependent documents can be
- synchronized.
-
- NOTE -- This facility extends to multimedia information the ability to
- distinguish between intrinsic information content and style
- considerations that is a hallmark of contemporary document
- representation methods.
-
-
- The time model is extended to visual aspects of multimedia by treating
- temporal and spatial measurement domains isomorphically, as systems
- for measuring along different axes of a coordinate space. Arbitrary
- cross-references and access paths based on external interactions
- ("hypermedia links") are also supported.
-
- The time representation contains sufficient information to derive the
- durations of both control ("gestural") data (e.g., control information
- for audio or video hardware) and visual data (e.g., a music score,
- presentation storyboard, or television script).
-
- The media formats and data notations of objects in a HyTime
- hyperdocument can include formatted and unformatted documents, audio
- and video segments, still images, and object-oriented graphics, among
- others. Users can specify the positions and extents of occurrences of
- objects in space and time, using a variety of measurement units and
- granularities. Temporal requirements of applications ranging from
- animation to project management can be supported by choosing
- appropriate measurement granules.
-
- NOTE -- This International Standard does not address the
- representation audio or video content data, but simply defines the
- means by which the start-time and duration of such data can be
- synchronized with other of digitized information. Nor does it specify
- the layout process by which occurrences of unformatted documents and
- other information objects can be made to fit the positions and extents
- specified for them.
-
-
- The documents comprising a HyTime hyperdocument can conform to any
- architectures and be represented in any notation permitted by those
- architectures. Only the "hub document", which determines the
- hyperdocument membership, must also conform to HyTime.
-
- HyTime is designed for flexibility and extensibility. Optional
- subsets can be implemented, alone or in conjunction with user-defined
- extensions.
-
- The Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language is an SGML
- application conforming to International Standard ISO 8879
- -- Standard Generalized Markup Language.
-
- The hyperdocument interchange format specified by this International
- Standard is defined in Abstract Syntax Notation 1 (ISO 8824) and can
- be encoded according to the basic encoding rules of ISO 8825 for
- interchange using protocols conforming to the Open Systems
- Interconnection (OSI) model.
-
-
- 2. Field of Application
-
- The field of application of HyTime is "integrated open hypermedia"
- (IOH), the "bibliographic model" of hyperlinking wherein an author
- can, by a suitable reference, link to anything, anywhere, at any time.
-
- Because of HyTime's modular design and flexible conformance rules,
- implementations need support only those parts of that are within their
- present capabilities. User investment in hyperdocument preparation is
- nevertheless encouraged because of the well-defined upward-compatible
- path to a full hypermedia solution.
-
- HyTime is intended for use as the infrastructure of
- platform-independent information interchange for hypermedia and
- synchronized and non-synchronized multimedia applications.
- Application developers will use HyTime constructs to design their
- information structures and objects, and the HyTime language to
- represent them for interchange.
-
- NOTE -- The HyTime language is not intended for encoding the internal
- representation of information on which application programs act while
- executing.
-
- Applications can use HyTime to represent hyperdocuments containing
- information that is at any stage in the rendition cycle, from
- "revisable" to "optimized for interactive access". An application can
- also choose to convert a rendition of a HyTime hyperdocument into an
- optimized form for transmission or interactive presentation.
-
- NOTE -- Whether the HyTime representation of a hyperdocument can be
- used in a local file system for direct access by programs will depend
- on the type of information in the hyperdocument, the speed of the
- platform, and the functions performed by the applications that access
- the hyperdocument.
-
-
-
-